How to de-risk: European economic security in a world of interdependence
The question is how exactly the EU should ‘de-risk’ its external economic relationships without foregoing the benefits of trade.
The push-pull between geopolitics and domestic resistance: lessons from the 2004 enlargement of the EU
Geopolitics is now a chief concern of political leaders in both the EU and candidate countries, giving them strong reasons to integrate more closely
Using the financial system to enforce export controls
Russian imports of battlefield goods that are subject to export controls, including from Western producers, have surged since mid-2022
Ways to revive global growth
What are the prospects for medium-term global growth, and what role can productivity reforms play in reversing the slowdown?
NATO and the EU - who does what for European defence?
Elections 2024
Bruegel will provide economic analysis on the outcomes of this year's elections within the EU and further afield.
ExploreMeet our fellows
Rebecca Christie
Senior fellow
Maria Demertzis
Senior fellow
Simone Tagliapietra
Senior fellow
Reinhilde Veugelers
Senior fellow
China research
Bruegel regularly publishes research on China's relationship with the EU and the wider world.
ExploreIn case you missed it
Beyond retirement: a closer look at the very old
The European Union should start to prepare for those over 85 making up 10 percent of the population in 2100
Income inequality and the liberal economic order: a not entirely Western perspective
This essay argues that global welfare gains should be safeguarded and built on, not undermined by a blinkered perception of liberalism.
Economic arguments in favour of reducing copyright protection for generative AI inputs and outputs
The licensing of training inputs slows down economic growth compared to what it could be with competitive and high-quality GenAI
The EU needs a methodology for including reform impacts in fiscal trajectories
Such a methodology, and a governance mechanism for managing associated risks, must be in place before the new fiscal framework kickstarts in September
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